ABSTRACT
Critically ill patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in the intensive care unit (ICU) may develop neurological complications of their central nervous system (CNS) or peripheral nervous system (PNS) that may arise directly from the COVID-19 virus, indirectly as a complication of the COVID-19-related hospitalization, or by mechanisms that have not yet been elucidated. These include encephalopathy, delirium, ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, peripheral nerve injury, and critical illness myopathy. As the evidence of neurological complications in COVID-19 patients accumulate, we aim to provide a concise review on optimal management strategies of these complications. For the purpose of our review, we are excluding patients in the ICU who develop new neurological symptoms and are found to have otherwise asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 PCR positivity. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.